Introduction: Orbital cellulitis is defined as a serious infection that involves the muscle and fat located within the orbit. Although orbital cellulitis can affect individuals of all ages, it is more frequently observed in children. The condition is typically diagnosed based on clinical symptoms, including conjunctival chemosis, restricted eye movements (ophthalmoplegia), pain during ocular motion, and proptosis. It progresses rapidly with an acute onset, making early detection and timely treatment essential to prevent severe outcomes. Treatment of orbital cellulitis includes antibiotics and other supportive therapies.
Aims & Objective: Orbital cellulitis is a severe post-septal infection that can lead to vision loss and life-threatening complications if not treated promptly. This study aims to evaluate the clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, treatment protocols, and outcomes of paediatric orbital cellulitis cases to identify trends and improve management strategies.
Materials & Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at SP Medical College and Hospital, Bikaner, including paediatric patients diagnosed with orbital cellulitis between March 2023 and August 2024. A total of 39 cases were analysed based on demographics, presenting symptoms, visual acuity, diagnostic imaging, microbiological findings, treatment approaches, hospital stay, and recovery outcomes. Statistical evaluation was performed to determine significant trends.
Results: The mean age of affected children was 7 years, with a male predominance (70%). The most common clinical signs included chemosis, eyelid swelling, proptosis, and restricted eye movements (P < 0 n=31),> cocci. All patients received broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics, and eight required surgical drainage. The mean hospital stay was 11 days, with an 82.1% full recovery rate. No mortality was recorded.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis through clinical and radiological assessment, coupled with a multidisciplinary treatment approach, significantly enhances recovery and minimizes complications in paediatric orbital cellulitis cases.
Keywords: Orbital cellulitis, paediatric infection, ocular emergency, sinusitis, imaging diagnosis, antibiotic therapy
