Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy of the eyelid, often misdiagnosed due to its tendency to mimic benign and inflammatory conditions. Timely diagnosis is essential to prevent poor outcomes associated with recurrence and metastasis. A 54-year-old male presented with a recurrent, painless nodular mass on the left upper eyelid for eight months. The lesion, initially managed as a chalazion, was red, firm, and associated with conjunctival hyperaemia. Histopathological examination following wide excision and lid reconstruction confirmed sebaceous gland carcinoma with mixed lobular and papillary growth patterns. Postoperative follow-up showed no recurrence or complications. SGC accounts for 1.5–5% of eyelid malignancies and is more common in the upper eyelid due to the density of sebaceous glands. Its masquerading nature often delays diagnosis, leading to poor prognosis due to regional lymph node and systemic metastases. Management involves wide local excision, and adjunct therapies like radiotherapy may be required in advanced cases This case highlights the importance of early recognition, histopathological confirmation, and a multidisciplinary approach in managing sebaceous gland carcinoma to improve outcomes.
Keywords: Sbaceous gland carcinoma, Eyelid tumour, Wide local excision, Lid reconstruction, Aggressive malignancy.
